| Earnings measurements |
| Gross profit/loss | Profit after deduction for cost of goods sold. |
| Underlying gross profit/loss | Underlying gross profit/loss is the reported gross profit/loss adjusted for inventory gains and losses (deductions for gains and additions for losses). |
| Operating result (EBIT) | Operating result before financial items. |
| Underlying operating result (uEBIT) | Operating result (EBIT) before items affecting comparability and adjusted for inventory gains and losses (deductions for gains and additions for losses). |
| Items affecting comparability | Items that do not have any link to the normal operations of the Group or that are of a non-recurring nature, where a reporting together with other items in the consolidated comprehensive income statement would have given a comparison distortion effect that would have made it difficult to judge the development of the ordinary operations for an outside viewer. Replaces previous concept “non-recurring items”. |
| Margin measurements |
| Gross margin | Gross profit/loss as a percentage of net sales. |
| Underlying gross margin | Underlying gross profit/loss as a percentage of net sales. |
| Operating margin | Operating result as a percentage of net sales |
| Underlying operating margin | Underlying operating result (uEBIT) as a percentage of net sales. |
| Capital structure |
| Net debt excl. IFRS 16 | Interest-bearing liabilities excluding leasing liabilities acc. to IFRS 16 less cash and equivalents and financial assets. |
| Net debt/equity ratio excl. IFRS 16 | Net debt excl. IFRS 16 divided by equity excl. IFRS 16. |
| Working capital | Inventories and current receivables less current liabilities, excluding provisions and interest-bearing liabilities. |
| Working capital (average) | Inventories and current receivables less current liabilities, excluding provisions and interest-bearing liabilities. This measure represents an average for each period based on quarterly data. |
| Capital employed excl. IFRS 16 | Equity excl. IFRS 16 plus interest-bearing liabilities excl. leasing liabilities acc. to IFRS 16. |
| Capital employed (average) excl. IFRS 16 | Equity excl. IFRS 16 plus interest-bearing liabilities excl. leasing liabilities acc. to IFRS 16. This measure represents an average for each period based on quarterly data. |
| Working capital tied-up | Average working capital, as a percentage of annual net sales. |
| Return |
| Return on capital employed excl. IFRS 16 | Annually adjusted operating result excl. IFRS 16. as a percentage of average capital employed excl. IFRS 16. |
| Per share data |
| Earnings per share | Profit/loss for the period divided by the average number of shares outstanding during the period. |
| Earnings per share after dilution | Profit/loss for the period divided by the average number of shares outstanding during the period after dilution. |
| Equity per share | Equity divided by the number of shares outstanding at the end of the period. |
| Cash flow per share from operating activities | Cash flow from operating activities divided by the average number of shares for the period. |
| Shares outstanding at the end of the period | Shares outstanding at the end of the period adjusted for rights issues and share splits. |
| Shares outstanding at the end of the period after dilution | Number of shares at the end of the period adjusted for rights issues and share splits. Any dilution has been taken into account. |
| Average number of shares | Weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period, adjusted for rights issues and share splits. |
| Average number of shares after dilution | Weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period, adjusted for rights issues and share splits. Any dilution has been taken into account. |
| Growth |
| Sales growth | Change in the net sales of the business compared with the previous period, in percent. |
| Other |
| Average number of employees | The number of employees recalculated as full-time positions and as an average for reporting period. |
| Shipped volumes | BE Group products sold during the period in thousands of tonnes. |
| Inventory gains and losses | The difference between the cost of goods sold at acquisition value and the cost of goods sold at replacement price. |
